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The Seerah

Key events of the Prophet's ﷺ life, from his birth to his death, in order of time. Each gives its date as its source states it, the verse that speaks of it where there is one, and, where scholars give different dates, the views.

26 entries

In Makkah, before the Hijra

  1. The birth of the Prophet ﷺA Monday in Rabi al-Awwal, in the Year of the Elephant, dates differHe was born in Makkah on a Monday in Rabi al-Awwal, in the Year of the Elephant.Sahih
  2. The marriage to KhadijahWhen he was twenty-five, before the prophethoodHe married Khadijah bint Khuwaylid at twenty-five, after trading with her wealth in Syria; she bore all his children but Ibrahim.Sahih
  3. The rebuilding of the Ka'bahWhen he was thirty-five, before the prophethoodQuraysh rebuilt the Ka'bah; when the tribes quarrelled over the Black Stone, they accepted his judgement and he set it in place.Sahih
  4. The first revelationRamadan, in his fortieth year (most); some say Rabi al-Awwal, dates differJibril came to him in the cave of Hira with the first verses of Surah al-Alaq.Quran
  5. The open call from as-SafaAfter about three years of calling in secretCommanded to warn his nearest kin, he climbed as-Safa and called the clans of Quraysh to hear him.Quran
  6. The emigration to AbyssiniaRajab, the fifth year of the missionThe first Muslims to emigrate went to the just king of Abyssinia.Scholarly opinion
  7. The Year of SorrowRamadan, the tenth year of the missionKhadija died, in the year the Prophet ﷺ called the Year of Sorrow.Scholarly opinion
  8. The journey to at-Ta'ifShawwal, in the tenth year of the prophethoodAfter losing Abu Talib and Khadijah he went to at-Ta'if to call Thaqif; they drove him out, and the angel of the mountains was sent to him.Sahih
  9. The Night Journey and the AscensionBefore the Hijra; the year and month are disputed, dates differHe was taken by night from al-Masjid al-Haram to al-Masjid al-Aqsa, and raised up to the heavens.Quran
  10. The Pledges of al-'AqabaThe Hajj seasons of the 12th and 13th years of the missionMen of Yathrib pledged themselves to the Prophet ﷺ at al-Aqaba near Mina, two years running, opening the way to the Hijra.Sahih

In Madinah, from the Hijra

  1. The Hijra to MadinahLeft Makkah 27 Safar; reached Quba on Monday 8 Rabi al-Awwal (September 622 CE), dates differThe Prophet ﷺ and Abu Bakr left Makkah, hid in the cave, and reached Madinah.Quran
  2. The building of the Prophet's ﷺ MosqueSoon after the arrival in Madinah, 1 AHIn Madinah the Prophet ﷺ bought a plot from two orphans and built his mosque, working on it with his Companions.Quran
  3. The change of the qiblaRajab or Sha’ban 2 AH, before Badr, dates differAfter some sixteen months facing Bayt al-Maqdis, the Muslims were commanded to face the Ka’ba in prayer.Quran
  4. The Battle of Badr17 Ramadan, 2 AHAbout 319 Muslims met about a thousand of Quraysh, and Allah gave them victory.Quran
  5. The Battle of Uhud15 Shawwal, 3 AHVictory turned to trial when the archers left the hill; seventy Companions were martyred.Quran
  6. Banu al-Mustaliq and the slanderSha'ban, year 5 (Ibn Hajar); Ibn Ishaq says year 6, dates differThe expedition to al-Muraysi', on whose return the hypocrites spread the slander against 'A'isha, until the Quran declared her innocence.Quran
  7. The Battle of the Trench (al-Ahzab)5 AHThe confederate tribes besieged Madinah; a trench held them off until Allah sent a wind against them.Quran
  8. The Treaty of al-HudaybiyyaDhu al-Qa'da, 6 AHSetting out for umrah, the Muslims pledged under the tree and made a ten-year truce with Quraysh.Quran
  9. Khaybar7 AHThe forts of Khaybar were opened; the banner was given to 'Ali.Sahih
  10. The 'Umrah of fulfilmentDhul-Qa'dah, year 7A year after al-Hudaybiyah, as the treaty allowed, he entered Makkah with about two thousand and performed the 'umrah, staying three days.Quran
  11. The battle of Mu'tahJumada al-Ula, year 8Three thousand Muslims faced a far larger Byzantine force; Zayd, Ja'far and Ibn Rawahah fell one after another.Sahih
  12. The conquest of MakkahRamadan, 8 AHTen thousand entered Makkah almost without fighting; the idols were broken and the people pardoned.Scholarly opinion
  13. The Battle of HunaynShawwal 8 AH (the 7th, in islamweb’s article)Soon after the conquest of Makkah, twelve thousand Muslims were ambushed by Hawazin and Thaqif, broke, then rallied and won.Quran
  14. The expedition to TabukRajab, 9 AHThe last expedition: a march north against the Byzantines in the hour of hardship, ending without battle.Quran
  15. The Farewell Pilgrimage10 AHHis one Hajj, during which the verse on the completion of the religion was revealed at Arafa.Quran
  16. The death of the Prophet ﷺMonday 12 Rabi al-Awwal, 11 AH (most); other days are reported, dates differHe died in 'A'isha's house in Madinah, on a Monday in Rabi al-Awwal, 11 AH.Sahih